Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hmoov hlau thiab cov hmoov nickel rau laser cladding

Hauv kev siv laser cladding ntawm cov khoom siv hlau cam khwb cia, kev xaiv cov hmoov hlau thiab cov hmoov nickel cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua tau zoo, cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab tus nqi ntawm cov txheej cladding. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob qho no yog pom tseeb hauv cov khoom sib xyaw, kev ua tau zoo, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov, raws li hauv qab no:

1. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom xyaw

2. Kev Sib Piv Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb

1) Cov khoom siv kho tshuab

Hmoov hlau ua los ntawm:

• Kev nyuaj siab (HRC 30-60, nrog kev hloov kho cov khoom sib xyaw, Cr siab, Mo hom tuaj yeem ncav cuag HRC 50 lossis siab dua), kev hnav tsis kam zoo;

• Lub zog yog ze rau qhov ntawm cov hlau matrix (tensile zog 500-1000MPa), zoo dua metallurgical sib raug zoo nrog cov hlau cam khwb cia, thiab lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov txheej cladding thiab matrix yog siab (feem ntau> 300MPa);

• Qhov nruab nrab brittleness, cov qauv hardness siab yuav muaj qee qhov kev tawg rhiab heev (cov txheej txheem cladding yuav tsum tau tswj kom txo qhov kev ntxhov siab).

Hmoov ua los ntawm nickel:

• Qhov nyuaj nruab nrab (HRC 20-45, hom hlau qis yog softer, siab Cr, W hom tuaj yeem ncav cuag HRC 40-50), tab sis zoo heev toughness, zoo dua cuam tshuam dua li hlau-raws li hmoov;

• Lub zog tensile qis dua li cov hmoov hlau ua los ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw (400-800MPa), tab sis zoo dua plasticity (elongation> 10%, hmoov hlau feem ntau yog

• Lub zog sib txuas qis dua me ntsis nrog cov hlau cam khwb cia (feem ntau yog 200-300MPa), tab sis qhov rhiab heev ntawm qhov tawg qis, tsis yooj yim rau kev tsim cov kab nrib pleb txias (vim yog qhov tawv thiab cov yam ntxwv qis ntawm nickel).

2) Kev tiv thaiv xeb

Hmoov hlau: tiv taus xeb nruab nrab. Hmoov hlau ib txwm muaj (Cr qis) muaj kev tiv taus zoo rau kev xeb hauv huab cua thiab dej qab zib, tab sis nws yooj yim xeb hauv cov chaw acidic thiab alkaline. Hom Cr siab (Cr cov ntsiab lus > 12%) tau txhim kho kev tiv taus xeb, tab sis tseem tsis zoo li hmoov nickel.

Hmoov nickel-based: tiv taus corrosion zoo heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, noo noo, acidic thiab alkaline (xws li organic acid, alkali tsis muaj zog) ib puag ncig (vim Ni thiab Cr tsim cov zaj duab xis oxide ntom ntom), tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej corrosive.

3) Kev tiv thaiv cua sov

Hmoov hlau: feem ntau tsis kam rau cua sov, qhov kub ua haujlwm ntev feem ntau yog

Hmoov nickel-based: muaj zog tiv taus kub, tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv qhov kub siab ntawm 600-1000 ℃ (xws li hmoov nickel-based uas muaj Cr thiab W, zoo heev tiv thaiv kev oxidation thiab thermal qaug zog).

4) Kev sib raug zoo nrog cov hlau cam khwb cia

Hmoov hlau: ze rau qhov coefficient thermal expansion ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia (Fe-based) (hmoov hlau yog li 11-14 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃, hlau cam khwb cia yog li 10-12 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃), kev ntxhov siab thermal me me thaum lub sijhawm cladding, tsis yooj yim tawg vim qhov sib txawv thermal expansion (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov txheej cladding tuab).

Hmoov nickel-based: Qhov coefficient ntawm thermal expansion yog qhov siab heev (kwv yees li 13-16 × 10⁻⁶ / ℃), uas txawv me ntsis ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia. Nws yooj yim tawg vim muaj kev ntxhov siab thermal thaum lub sijhawm tuab cladding, uas yuav tsum tau txo qis los ntawm kev ua ntej cua sov, txias qeeb lossis txheej cladding.

3. Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem

Hmoov hlau ua los ntawm:

• Tsis tshua muaj kev nkag siab rau lub zog laser, nruab nrab fluidity ntawm molten pas dej, yooj yim los tsim ib lub tiaj tus cladding txheej;

• Muaj cov khoom deoxidizing xws li Si thiab B, muaj kev kam rau siab rau cov khoom tsis huv xws li C thiab S hauv cov hlau cam khwb cia (tsis yooj yim los tsim cov qhov hws);

• Qhov nrawm ntawm cov txheej cladding (qhov sib piv ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw rau hauv txheej cladding) nyuaj rau tswj, feem ntau tswj tau ntawm 10% -20% (siab dhau yuav txo qhov nyuaj).

Hmoov ua los ntawm nickel:

• Tus nqi nqus laser siab, cov dej ua kom zoo (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hmoov nickel uas muaj B thiab Si), yooj yim ua tiav cov txheej nyias thiab sib xws;

• Rhiab rau C hauv cov hlau cam khwb cia. Yog tias lub matrix muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau (xws li cov hlau cam khwb cia grey), nws yooj yim los tsim cov theem brittle (xws li network carbides) vim yog qhov sib kis ntawm C mus rau hauv txheej cladding. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj hwm cov kev teeb tsa laser (xws li txo lub zog thiab nce qhov ceev scanning) kom txo qhov nrawm dilution (feem ntau yuav tsum tsawg dua 10%);

• Yooj yim rau kev cuam tshuam nrog sulfur (S) hauv cov hlau cam khwb cia los tsim cov eutectic uas yaj tsawg (xws li Ni₃S₂), ua rau muaj kev tawg thermal. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov sulfides saum npoo av raug tshem tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua ntej ntawm cov khoom hlau cam khwb cia.

4. Cov nqi thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov

Kev Txheeb Xyuas

• Cov hmoov hlau yog qhov zoo dua: thaum tus nqi qis thiab kev tiv taus hnav siab, thiab cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm tsis xav tau xeb lossis kub siab (xws li kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ib txwm muaj).

• Cov hmoov ua los ntawm nickel yog qhov zoo dua: thaum xav tau kev tiv thaiv corrosion, kev tiv thaiv kub lossis kev tawv siab, thiab cov nqi siab dua yog qhov lees txais (xws li kev txhawb nqa cov khoom siv hlau cam khwb cia kom ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb).